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目的探讨4~6岁儿童功能性构音障碍(FAD)的致病因素。方法以衢州市柯城区54家托幼机构4~6岁在园儿童中确诊为FAD患儿154例为病例组,以FAD患儿的同班同性别同学200例为正常对照组,对照分析儿童FAD的致病因素。结果病例组和对照组主要抚养人的文化程度、与儿童语言交流方式、性别构成的差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为18.963、7.922和-4.432,均P<0.05)。病例组患儿家庭中存在语言环境混杂并有遗传倾向,存在进食精细及易恶心情况,病例组辅食添加时间晚于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为24.976、-6.102、-4.475、-5.207和30.718,均P<0.05)。图片词汇测试评(PPVT)测试结果显示:病例组与对照组的智商水平相比,差异无统计学意义(t=-0.994,P>0.05)。结论 FAD的形成可能受多种家庭社会环境因素的影响,应尽量避免影响言语发育的不良因素。
Objective To investigate the etiological factors of functional dysarthria (FAD) in children aged 4 ~ 6 years. Methods A total of 154 children with FAD were enrolled in this study. Of 154 children with FAD in Kecheng district of Quzhou City, 154 children with FAD were diagnosed as FAD children, and 200 children with same-sex FAD children as control group. The FAD The risk factors. Results There was significant difference between the educational level of the main dependents in the case group and the control group, the way of language communication with children and the sex composition (χ2 = 18.963, 7.922 and -4.432, respectively, P <0.05). There was a mixed linguistic environment and a genetic predisposition to the family members of the children in the case group. Fine feeding and nausea were present in the pediatric patients. Supplementation of food supplement in the case group was later than that in the control group (χ ~ 2 = 24.976, -6.102, -4.475, -5.207 and 30.718, all P <0.05). The PPVT test results showed that there was no significant difference in IQ between the case group and the control group (t = -0.994, P> 0.05). Conclusion The formation of FAD may be affected by many kinds of family social environment factors, and should avoid the adverse factors that affect the development of speech.