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本文译自米歇尔·卡恩斯《修辞叙事学》一书的第一章“修辞叙事学和言语行为理论导论”的一部分。作者写该书的目的是“在言语行为理论的背景下,在叙事方面,为修辞的和结构主义的方法提供一种合乎逻辑的综合”。作者把语境、规约等文本外因素引入修辞叙事学研究,为我们研究修辞叙事学提供了一个全新的参照系。语境是判断文本叙事性的根本,而规约则控制读者对叙事的反应。修辞叙事学沟通了文本的内与外。本文的节译为我们提供了卡恩斯《修辞叙事学》基本观点的一个轮廓。
This article is a part of the first chapter of “Rhetoric Narratology” by Michelle Kearns. Part of “Introduction to Rhetoric Narratology and Speech Act Theory.” The author’s goal is to “provide a logical synthesis of rhetorical and structuralist approaches in the context of speech act theory and narrative.” The author introduces the external factors such as context and statute into the study of rhetorical narratology, which provides a completely new frame of reference for the study of rhetorical narratology. Context is the basis for judging the narrative of the text, while the statute controls the reader’s reaction to the narrative. Rhetoric narrative communicates the inner and outer aspects of the text. This section of the article provides us with an outline of the basic point of view of “rhetorical narratology” by Kearns.