山西省形成规模煤炭开采的历史,可追溯至明代。新中国成立至改革开放前,乡、村一级都不允许开办煤矿,煤矿都属国有。因此,要看山西煤矿开采史,须从“改革放开”后开始。1982年到1990年,中央政策是“大矿大开,小矿小开,有水快流”。以前被称为“资本主义尾巴”的私人小煤窑,一夜之间在山西遍地开花。1990年到1998年,山西普遍出现 The history of the formation of large-scale coal mining in Shanxi Province can be traced back to the Ming Dynasty. Before the founding of New China and before the reform and opening up, the coal mines were not allowed to open at the township and village levels. All the coal mines are state-owned. Therefore, we must look at the history of coal mining in Shanxi, from the “reform to open ” after the start. From 1982 to 1990, the central policy was to “open large mines, open small mines, and have fast water flow.” A private small coal miner, formerly known as the “capitalist tail,” bloomed overnight in Shanxi. From 1990 to 1998, Shanxi generally appeared