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在不同密度、施氮量处理下,研究了春玉米两种株型品种茎秆维管束与叶片光合性状和果穗发育的关系。结果表明:茎秆上、中、下各节位的维管束数、面积以茎部第2节最多、最大;茎基部第2节、果穗节、果穗柄维管束数、面积与叶片光合性状、籽粒灌浆特性之间呈显著正相关;果穗节、果穗柄是转运光合产物“流”的限速器官。密度和施氮量对基部第2节的维管束数、面积影响最大,随密度的增加而减小,随施氮量的增多而增加。采取合理栽培措施,使源、库、流协调发展,是夺取春玉米高产的有效途径。
The relationship between the vascular bundles and leaf photosynthetic traits and ear development of two plant types of spring maize was studied under different densities and nitrogen rates. The results showed that the number of vascular bundles and the area of the upper, middle and lower stems were the highest in section 2 and the largest in stems. The number of vascular bundles, area and leaf photosynthetic traits, There was a significant positive correlation between grain filling characteristics; ear node and ear shaft were the rate-limiting organs for “flow” of photosynthate. The density and nitrogen application had the greatest effect on the number of vascular bundles and the area of the second node in the basal part, but decreased with the increase of the density, and increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. To take reasonable cultivation measures to coordinate the development of source, reservoir and flow is an effective way to seize high yield of spring maize.