在法学家看来,自由意味着行为主体能够预料到自己或他人行为的后果,他自己或他人的行为不应受到任意意志或力量的摆布。在法治国家,预料及判断公民行为后果的标准只能是法律,法律的标准是宪法,宪法的标准是宪政,宪政的标准是自由。这样,宪政与自由便不可分割地联系起来了。在实质意义上,法律、法治、宪法、宪政与自由等概念是一致的。宪政的实质在于通过对政治社会中的主要政治力量(国家或政府)权力的限制和制约, To the jurists, freedom means that the agent can anticipate the consequences of his or another’s conduct, and his or his or her actions should not be subjected to any will or power. In a country ruled by law, the criteria for predicting and judging the consequences of citizenship can only be law. The standard of law is the constitution, the constitutional standard is constitutional, and the constitutional standard is freedom. In this way, constitutional government and freedom are inextricably linked. In essence, the concepts of law, rule of law, constitution, constitutionalism and freedom are identical. The essence of constitutionalism lies in the restriction and restriction of the power of the main political forces (state or government) in political society,