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目的:探讨高血压对听觉功能早期损害的听力学特征,为临床研究和防治耳聋提供参考。方法:将68例(136耳)原发性高血压患者分为无眼底动脉硬化的高血压A组35例(70耳),及伴有眼底动脉硬化的高血压B组33例(66耳);另选30例(60耳)年龄、性别匹配且无高血压,听力正常者为对照组,分别进行纯音听阈、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)等听力学测试。结果:高血压B组2000～8000Hz纯音听阈提高(P<0.05),高血压A组的纯音听阈与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);高血压A、B组的DPOAE反应幅值下降(P<0.01),仅高血压B组4000Hz的DPOAE检出率下降(P<0.05)。结论:高血压会影响患者的听觉系统,即使患者主观上无明显的听力下降,但听觉功能可能已出现早期改变。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the audiological features of early impairment of auditory function in patients with hypertension and provide reference for clinical research and prevention and treatment of deafness. Methods: A total of 68 patients (136 ears) with essential hypertension were divided into 35 cases (70 ears) of group A without retinal atherosclerosis and 33 cases (66 ears) of group B with hypertension of fundus atherosclerosis ; Another 30 cases (60 ears) of age, gender-matched and without hypertension, normal hearing for the control group, respectively, pure tone hearing threshold, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and other audiological tests. Results: Pure tone threshold of 2000-8000 Hz in group B was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.05), but no difference was found between pure tone threshold of hypertension group A and group B (P> 0.05) (P <0.01). The detection rate of DPOAE at 4000 Hz in hypertensive group B decreased only (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension affects the patient’s hearing system, and even if the patient subjectively has no significant hearing loss, the auditory function may have changed early.