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目的了解社会因素对重度子痫前期病史妇女产后血压和体质量的影响,为制定针对性的防护措施提供依据。方法选取62例有重度子痫前期病史、产后1～3年的妇女,测定其血压和体质量,问卷调查其经济收入、学历、是否产后复查及有无定期体检,有无高血压等疾病家族史。结果低学历者产后复查率显著低于高学历者,低收入者产后定期体检率显著低于高收入者(均P<0.05);产后复查者体重指数显著低于产后未复查者(P<0.05);低学历、产后未复查及未定期体检者高血压患病率显著增高(均P<0.05);产后复查是产后血压的独立影响因素(OR=0.19,95%CI为0.05～0.66)。结论学历、经济收入影响重度子痫前期妇女防护行为,继而影响其高血压患病率。应采取综合性措施提高该类妇女尤其是低学历及低收入者的防护意识,以降低产后高血压患病率。
Objective To understand the impact of social factors on postpartum blood pressure and body weight of women with severe preeclampsia and to provide basis for the development of targeted protective measures. Methods Sixty-two women with severe preeclampsia and 1-3 years postpartum were enrolled in the study. Their blood pressure and body weight were measured. Questionnaires were conducted on their income, education level, whether post-natal and post-natal check-ups, whether regular check-ups or not, hypertension and other diseases history. Results The rate of post-natal check-up was significantly lower for those with lower education than that for those with high education. The rate of post-natal check-up was significantly lower for low-income people than for those with high income (all P <0.05) ). The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in low-education, post-natal non-reexamination and non-regular physical examination (all P <0.05). Postpartum rehospitalization was an independent influencing factor of postpartum blood pressure (OR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.66). Conclusion Degree and income affect the protection of women with severe preeclampsia, and then affect the prevalence of hypertension. Comprehensive measures should be taken to raise the awareness of such women, especially those with low education and low income, to reduce the prevalence of postpartum hypertension.