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目的探讨阶梯式综合性心理康复护理对急性心肌梗死患者的临床效果。方法选取2016年1月~2017年1月本院收治的146例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者作为研究对象,其中2016年7月以前收治的73例患者作为对照组,给予常规护理;2016年7月及以后收治的73例患者作为观察组,在对照组的基础上给予阶梯式综合性心理康复护理干预。分别于护理前及出院前1日抽取患者静脉血检测肌酸肌酶(CK)、肌酸肌酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白指标;采用超声心动图测定两组射血分数(EF)、心率(HR)以评价两组患者心脏功能恢复情况;观察两组并发症发生情况;分别采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价两组患者干预前后的心理状态;采用本院自制的满意度调查表对两组患者进行护理满意度的调查。结果观察组干预前后CK比值、CK-MB比值、肌钙蛋白比值均好于对照组;平均住院时间较对照组明显缩短;SAS评分、SDS评分均较对照组显著降低;心脏功能恢复明显好于对照组;并发症发生率均较对照组明显降低;以上差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者护理总满意度100.0%,明显高于对照组的93.2%(P<0.05)。结论对急性心肌梗死患者实施阶梯式综合性心理康复护理,不仅能明显缩短患者的住院时间,有效改善患者心脏功能,降低并发症的发生率,而且能明显提高患者的护理满意度,改善医患关系,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of stepwise comprehensive psychological rehabilitation nursing on patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods A total of 146 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were enrolled. Among them, 73 patients admitted before July 2016 as control group were given routine nursing care. In 2016 7 Seventy-three patients admitted to the hospital on a monthly basis were treated as stepwise comprehensive psychological rehabilitation nursing interventions on the basis of the control group. Venous blood samples were taken for determination of creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase (CK-MB) and troponin before taking care of them and on the 1st day before discharge. Echocardiography was used to measure the ejection fraction ), Heart rate (HR) to evaluate the recovery of cardiac function in both groups. The complications of the two groups were observed. SAS and SDS were used to evaluate the cardiac function of the two groups before and after intervention Psychological status; satisfaction survey of two groups of patients satisfaction survey using the self-made satisfaction questionnaire. Results Before and after the intervention, the CK, CK-MB and troponin ratios in the observation group were better than those in the control group. The average hospitalization time was significantly shorter than that in the control group. SAS score and SDS score were significantly lower than those in the control group. (P <0.05). The total satisfaction rate of patients in the observation group was 100.0%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (93.2%, P <0.05) . Conclusions The implementation of stepped comprehensive psychological rehabilitation nursing for patients with acute myocardial infarction can not only shorten the hospitalization time, improve the cardiac function and reduce the incidence of complications, but also improve the nursing satisfaction and improve the patients’ Relationship, it is worth clinical application.