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在《资本论》中,“转化”一词到处可见,凡是用心读过《资本论》的人,都不难从中找出成百个转化的例子。但其含义在不同的地方显然是有差异的。按照我的理解,它至少有以下既相互联系又相互区别的四种情况:一是表现经济形式发生质的转化;二是表现资本循环或形态变化的转化;三是表现资本职能形式独立化的转化;四是表现从内容到形式即资本关系神秘化的转化。了解《资本论》中转化概念的全部科学含义,对于阐明资本主义生产方式的历史联系、成长过程以及它的表现形式和发展趋势,都是十分必要的。这里仅就马克思在论述转化过程中必然产生的各种中间形式问题,谈点个人的粗浅理解。
In Capital, the term “transformation” is everywhere. It is not hard to find hundreds of translation examples among those who have read Capitalism carefully. But its meaning is obviously different in different places. According to my understanding, it has at least the following four situations that are interrelated and differentiated from each other: First, it shows the qualitative transformation of the economic form; Second, it shows the transformation of the capital circulation or the change of the form; Third, it shows that the form of the capital function is independent Conversion; Fourth, from the content to the form that the mystery of the transformation of capital relations. Understanding all the scientific meanings of the concept of transformation in Capitalism is necessary for clarifying the historical connection and the process of growth of capitalist modes of production as well as its manifestations and trends. Here, we will talk about the superficial understanding of individuals only when Marx discusses various kinds of intermediate forms that inevitably arise in the transformation process.