本文认为周氏兄弟失和的根本原因在于为革命与为艺术的思想差异。这一差异在五四时期潜藏在二人的思想当中 ;五四后 ,随着双方思想的成熟与发展 ,其矛盾愈益明显。导致兄弟失和的家庭矛盾亦是双方思想矛盾的外在表现。周氏兄弟的不同选择 ,既是互斥的 ,又是互补的。它们构成了二十世纪中国文化发展的两极现象 ,具有重大而深远的影响。 This paper argues that the fundamental reason for the loss of the Zhou brothers is the difference in thinking between revolution and art. This difference was lurking in the thoughts of the two in the May 4th period. After the May 4th Movement, with the maturity and development of the two sides’ thoughts, the contradictions became increasingly evident. The family conflict that led to the loss of brothers is also an external manifestation of the ideological contradictions between the two sides. Zhou brothers different options, both mutually exclusive, but also complementary. They constitute the bipolar phenomenon in the development of Chinese culture in the twentieth century and have a profound and far-reaching impact.