为了防治采场项板尖灭的隐伏小断层(落差小于5 m)导致矿井突水,采用相似模拟试验,研究了工作面由下盘向上盘过顶板尖灭逆断层区域覆岩的渐进破断过程、采动应力和采动裂隙的演化特征.试验结果表明:当工作面未推进至断层面时,尖灭断层的上部裂隙张开,下部有闭合的趋势,且张开断层面的上部张开度大于下部;当工作面进入断层面时,下部顶板断层面张开;进入上盘岩层后,断层面逐渐闭合,且下部的闭合程度大于上部;下盘煤层支承压力的峰值系数显著增大,上盘煤岩层的支承压力峰值系数较小.下盘冒落充分,上盘则整体呈现悬臂梁弯曲下沉趋势;使得下盘导水裂隙高度大,上盘导水裂隙高度小.在断层尖灭点附近,导水裂隙在高度方向停止发展,完整岩层对构造导水裂隙竖向扩展有阻隔作用. In order to prevent hidden faults and small faults (less than 5 m in height) caused by stope picking, water inrush is caused by mine water. The gradual breaking process of overburden strata in the area where the working face passes through the culvert from the lower plate to the upper plate is studied using similar simulation tests , Mining stress and evolution of mining fissures.The results show that when the working face is not advanced to the fault plane, the upper fracture of the pinchout fault is open and the lower part has a closed trend, and the upper part of the open fault plane has a larger opening When the working face enters the fault plane, the fault surface of the lower roof is opened. After entering the upper plate rock, the fault plane is gradually closed and the lower part is closed more than the upper part. The peak pressure of supporting pressure of the lower disk coal seam increases significantly, The peak pressure of bearing pressure of coal bed is small, the bottom plate is risked sufficiently, the upper plate presents the trend of bending and sinking of the cantilever beam as a whole, the height of the upper plate is large, and the height of the upper plate is small. In the vicinity, the water-bearing fissures ceased to develop in the height direction, and the intact rock strata obstructed the vertical expansion of the water-conducting fractures.