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基于1981~2009年的基础数据,本文对中国工业部门的平均利润率和净利润进行了初步测算。实证研究表明:工业部门的利润率变动模式遵循马克思的利润率下降规律,导致平均利润率和净利润率下降的主要因素均为产出资本比。为了透视利润率变化的深层原因,本文还对决定利润率波动的间接变量,包括资本技术构成、劳动生产率、实际工资、非生产性支出等在此期间的变化情况,以及这些变量之间的相互关系进行了较深入的探讨。
Based on the basic data from 1981 to 2009, this paper makes preliminary estimates of the average profit margin and net profit of China’s industrial sector. Empirical studies show that: The pattern of profit margin changes in the industrial sector follows the law of Marx’s declining profit rate. The main factor that causes the average profit rate and the net profit rate to decline is the output-capital ratio. In order to further understand the reasons for the change in profit margin, this paper also analyzes the indirect variables that affect the fluctuation of the profit margin, including the changes in the technical composition of capital, labor productivity, real wages, unproductive expenditures during the period and the mutual changes among these variables The relationship between the more in-depth discussion.