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一、引言七十年代左右,在锻压工程中发展了温锻工艺。温锻工艺之所以能够实现,是因为根据超塑性现象,钢材一般在高于或等于熔点温度(绝对温度)二分之一附近塑性最好,许多钢材正是在这个温度附近进行温锻的。例如,45钢加热到750℃左右锻造时,工件显得特别柔软,塑性特别好,许多结构钢,如35、45、40Cr、30CrMnSi、20CrMnNi、18CrMnTi、12CrNi3A等,在高温拉伸曲线中,都在～750℃左右出现最高断面收缩率φ和延伸率δ值,
First, the introduction Around the seventies, forging project in the development of warm forging process. The reason why the warm forging process can be realized is that the steel generally has the best plasticity at a temperature higher than or equal to one half of the melting point temperature (absolute temperature) according to the superplasticity phenomenon. Many of the steel materials are warm forged near this temperature. For example, 45 steel heated to about 750 ℃ forging, the workpiece appears particularly soft, particularly good plasticity, many structural steel, such as 35,45,40 Cr, 30 CrMnSi, 20 CrMnNi, 18 CrMnTi, 12 CrNi3A, etc., at high temperature tensile curve, ~ 750 ℃ appears the highest section shrinkage rate φ and elongation δ value,