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为探索玉米秸秆还田的方法,研究了玉米秸秆直接还田和添加促腐剂堆制有机肥后还田对植烟土壤理化性状的影响。结果表明,玉米秸秆还田可降低植烟土壤容重,增加植烟土壤孔隙度,从而提高植烟土壤的保水保肥能力。与此同时,玉米秸秆还田还可提高植烟土壤有机质、有效磷和速效钾含量。在烤烟大田生长前期,土壤碱解氮含量略有下降,但到烤烟大田生长中、后期,植烟土壤碱解氮含量有所增加。以玉米秸秆+尿素+发酵菌曲堆制有机肥、玉米秸秆+尿素+BM有机物料腐熟剂堆制有机肥的两个处理效果优于玉米秸秆直接还田,具有推广价值。
In order to explore the method of returning corn stalks to field, the effects of applying corn stalks directly into the field and adding organic fertilizer with preservatives on the physical and chemical properties of tobacco soil were studied. The results showed that corn stalks returning to the field could reduce the bulk density of tobacco planting soil and increase the porosity of tobacco planting soil so as to increase the ability of water retention and fertilizer retention of tobacco planting soil. At the same time, corn stalks can also increase soil organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium in tobacco growing soil. In the early stage of flue-cured tobacco field growth, the content of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen decreased slightly, but the content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen in tobacco-planting soil increased to the middle and late stages of flue-cured tobacco field growth. The two treatment effects of organic manure made from corn stalk, urea + fermentative bacteria and organic manure were better than corn stalks, which had the popularization value.