儿童急性腹泻通常是一种自限性疾病,但在某些情况下会引起严重的水电解质丧失、肠道中毒症状甚至危及生命。肠粘膜的持续损伤可引起慢性腹泻及长期吸收不良、生长障碍。本文为德国儿科胃肠道及营养协会对该病的推荐治疗方案,重点在轻症患儿的门诊治疗。 本地区急性腹泻病最常见的病原体为轮状病毒,其次为腺病毒、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、弯曲杆菌、致病型及产毒型大肠杆菌、耶尔森氏菌。约有30％～40％的腹泻病查不出病原体,只有当一定数量的 Acute diarrhea in children is usually a self-limiting disease, but in some cases can cause serious water and electrolyte loss, gut poisoning symptoms and even life-threatening. Continuous damage to the intestinal mucosa can cause chronic diarrhea and long-term malabsorption, growth disorders. This article is the German pediatric gastrointestinal and nutrition Association recommended treatment of the disease, focusing on the treatment of mild-disease children. The most common pathogens of acute diarrhea in this area are rotavirus, followed by adenovirus, Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, pathogenic and toxigenic Escherichia coli and Yersinia. About 30% to 40% of diarrheal diseases can not detect pathogens, only when a certain number of