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财政政策是当今世界各国普遍用于宏观调控经济的重要手段,一般可以分为扩张的财政政策和紧缩的财政政策。一个国家在一定时期内实施何种财政政策,从根本上说,取决于社会总需求与社会总供给平衡的状况。如果社会总供给大于社会总需求,应实施扩张的财政政策,即通过增加财政支出,减税,补贴等措施刺激需求。反之,则应实施紧缩的财政政策。
Fiscal policy is an important method commonly used by all countries in the world today for macro-control of the economy. Generally speaking, it can be divided into an expanded fiscal policy and a tightening fiscal policy. Fundamentally, a country’s fiscal policy implemented within a certain period of time depends on the balance between the total social demand and the total social supply. If the total social supply is greater than the total social demand, an expanded fiscal policy should be implemented that stimulates demand by increasing fiscal spending, tax cuts and subsidies. On the contrary, the austerity fiscal policy should be implemented.