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提高农作物的光能利用率,对于发展农业生产,增加农作物单产、总产具有十分重要的意义。有关专家对此提出以下有效途径。一是改变农作物种植制度和种植方式。这主要包括不同作物的间作、套种和复种,使其充分利用作物生长季节,通过吸收光能,增加物质产出。小麦、玉米、高粱和大豆、蔬菜等多茬套作,合理安排其株行距,使全年叶面积此起彼伏,交替兴衰,多层次、多方位接受光照,从而增加作物光合作用的效果。二是培育高光效作物品种。通过选育光合作用能力强、呼吸消耗低、叶面积适当、株型和叶型合理、适合高密度种植不倒伏的品种,这也能提高光能利用率。
Increasing the utilization of light energy of crops is of great significance for the development of agricultural production, increase of crop yields and total output. The relevant experts put forward the following effective ways. First, change the crop planting system and planting methods. This mainly includes intercropping, interplanting and multiple cropping of different crops so that they make full use of the crop growing season and increase the material output by absorbing light energy. Wheat, corn, sorghum and soybeans, vegetables and other stubble sets, reasonable arrangement of its line spacing, the annual leaf area one after another, alternating rise and fall, multi-level, multi-directional light, thereby increasing the crop photosynthesis effect. The second is to cultivate high light crop varieties. Through the selection of photosynthesis ability, low respiratory consumption, suitable leaf area, plant type and leaf type reasonable, suitable for high-density planting non-lodging varieties, which can improve light utilization.