黑人一直是美国文学中的重要形象,其在文学作品中的出现与自身特殊的社会地位和真实的生活境况密切相关。广为人知的黑人形象有斯托夫人笔下的汤姆叔叔、理查德·赖特笔下的比格·托马斯、拉尔夫·埃利森笔下的无形人等。这些黑人具有不同的性格与际遇,展现了美国文学中的黑人形象嬗变的过程。美国社会不断向前发展的同时,黑人形象也由最初的单一化逐渐向多元化发展,本文就将以此为切入点,试分析黑人形象在美国小说中的嬗变。 Blacks have always been an important image in American literature. Their appearance in literary works is closely related to their own special social status and real life conditions. Well-known black images are Uncle Tom under Stowe, Big Thomas by Richard Wright, Invisibles by Ralph Ellison, and others. These black people have different personalities and encounters, showing the evolution of black images in American literature. While American society continues to move forward, the image of black people has also been gradually diversified from initial simplification. This article will use this as an entry point to analyze the evolution of black image in American novels.