论文部分内容阅读
研究了快速液相沉淀条件对纳米CuO结构和形貌的影响。并用热分析法考察了不同形貌的纳米CuO对高氯酸铵(AP)分解的催化作用。结果表明,当反应物Cu(NO3)2和NaOH的浓度均增大到1.00mol·L-1或者反应介质乙醇和水的体积比增大到3∶1时,纳米CuO(1珔11)晶面的XRD峰强度弱于其(111)晶面的XRD峰强度;用Na2CO3作沉淀剂可获得平均粒径11nm的球形CuO,但团聚严重,添加聚乙二醇(PEG)可改善其分散性。不同形貌的纳米CuO均能强烈催化AP的分解,其中分散性良好的球形纳米CuO,催化活性最强,可使AP的高温分解温度降低99.13℃,分解放热量由590.12J·g-1增至1380J·g-1。
The effect of rapid liquid phase precipitation on the structure and morphology of CuO nanocrystals was investigated. The catalytic effect of different morphologies of nano-CuO on the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was investigated by thermal analysis. The results show that when the concentrations of Cu (NO3) 2 and NaOH are both increased to 1.00 mol·L-1 or the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the reaction medium increases to 3: 1, the CuO (1 珔 11) The XRD peak intensity of the surface is weaker than the XRD peak intensity of the (111) crystal plane. With Na2CO3 as the precipitant, spherical CuO with an average particle diameter of 11 nm can be obtained, but the agglomeration is serious. The addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) . The nano-CuO with different morphologies can strongly catalyze the decomposition of AP. The spherical nano-CuO with good dispersion has the strongest catalytic activity, which can lower the pyrolysis temperature of AP by 99.13 ℃ and the decomposition heat by 590.12J · g-1 To 1380 J · g-1.