五四时期,马克思主义和无政府主义两种坚信自己代表社会主义的思潮进行了激烈的论战。论战涉及无产阶级专政、社会革命后生产和分配及“绝对自由”等三个方面。通过场论战,基本划清了马克思主义与无政府主义之间的思想界限,提高了马克思主义者的理论水平,初步确立了马克思主义在当时中国思想文化领域的地位,马克思主义也获得了更为迅速和广泛的传播与发展。论战为正处于建党过程中的马克思主义政党奠定了十分重要的思想基础。 During the May 4th Movement, Marxism and Anarchism firmly believed that they had fiercely argued on behalf of the socialist trend of thought. The debate involves the dictatorship of the proletariat, production and distribution after the social revolution and “absolute freedom ” and other three aspects. Through field debate, the basic line of demarcation between Marxism and anarchism has been clearly defined, the Marxist theoretical level has been raised, the status of Marxism in the field of Chinese ideology and culture has been initially established, and Marxism has also been more Rapid and wide dissemination and development. The debate laid a very important ideological foundation for the Marxist parties that are now in the process of establishing the party.