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美《科学》杂志第213卷第1238页(1981年)报道:在最近的美国化学学会的会议上,斯贵宝医学研究所的西马鲁斯蒂(Christopher MCimarusti)说,新一代的抗菌素是从细菌本身产生的,将在短期内进行临床试验。单环的、由细菌产生的β-内酰胺[β-lactam,或称单菌胺(monobactams)],其结构与青霉素或头孢霉素有关,但是β-内酰胺的结构较简单。β-内酰胺对革兰氏阴性菌有效,而青霉素或头孢霉素均难以控制。革兰氏阴性菌如假单胞菌属,克雷白氏杆菌和肠杆菌属为当前导致医院内感染大量发生的主要原因。β-内酰胺抗菌素的特征是由含有一个酰胺
Science 213, p.1238 (1981) reports: At a recent meeting of the American Chemical Society, Christopher MCimarusti of the Squibb Institute of Medicine said that the next generation of antibiotics is Produced from the bacteria themselves, will be carried out in a short period of clinical trials. Monocyclic, β-lactam produced by bacteria, or monobactams, is structurally related to penicillin or cephamycin, but the structure of β-lactam is simpler. β-lactam is effective against Gram-negative bacteria, whereas penicillin or cefotaxime is difficult to control. Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Enterobacter are the major causes of the current high incidence of nosocomial infections. Beta-lactam antibiotics are characterized by containing an amide