我常常被问起是如何开始我的工作的,早年的经历在我的人生中起了什么作用。问题简单而明确,答案却并非如此。1928年我出生于苏黎世,随后跟随父母辗转苏联、捷克斯洛伐克,在10岁的时候,我来到美国,先后在芝加哥、斯坦福以及哈佛求学。博士毕业之后,我在麻省理工学院(MIT)斯隆管理学院开始了长达50多年(1956-2008)的学术生涯。斯隆为我这段令人满意且高产的学术生涯提供了非常好的助推环境。50多年里,我亲眼见证并参与了组织心理 I was often asked how I started my job, and what the early experiences played in my life. The questions are simple and clear, but the answer is not. I was born in Zurich in 1928, and later with my parents removed the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, at the age of 10, I came to the United States, has studied in Chicago, Stanford and Harvard. After graduating from PhD, I started my academic career at MIT’s Sloan School of Management for more than 50 years (1956-2008). Sloan provided a very good boon to my satisfying and productive academic career. For more than 50 years, I witnessed and participated in organizational psychology