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用多速的格子气模型研究了室内行人疏散动力学。模拟再现了行人疏散过程。行人在疏散的过程中呈现动力学非线性特性,研究发现存在两个标度关系J∝W0.75±0.01:拥堵态,饱和流率和出口宽度之间的标度关系为;疏散时间(所有人疏散完毕所用的时间)与出口宽度之间的标度关系为Te∝W-0.51±0.02。研究了初始密度和出口位置对疏散时间的影响,模拟结果显示:疏散时间随初始密度线性增加;当出口在大厅正中时,疏散时间最短(也就是说我们找到了出口的最佳位置)。为了探究行人速度差异对疏散动力学的影响,研究了比例系数R(表示低速的人占总人数的比例)对疏散时间和饱和流率的影响。结果显示:随着R的减小,疏散时间变短,饱和流率增大。
Indoor pedestrian evacuation kinetics was studied using a multi-speed lattice gas model. The simulation reproduces the pedestrian evacuation process. Pedestrians in the process of evacuation showed dynamic nonlinear characteristics, the study found that there are two scales JαW0.75 ± 0.01: congestion state, the saturation flow rate and the outlet width of the scale relationship; evacuation time (all The time it takes for the person to evacuate is completed) and the exit width is TeαW-0.51 ± 0.02. The effects of initial density and exit location on the evacuation time were studied. The simulation results showed that the evacuation time increased linearly with the initial density, and the evacuation time was the shortest when the exit was in the middle of the lobby (that is, we found the best exit location). In order to explore the effect of pedestrian velocity differences on evacuation dynamics, the effect of the proportionality coefficient R (the ratio of people at low speed to the total population) on evacuation time and saturation flow rate was investigated. The results show that as R decreases, evacuation time becomes shorter and saturation flow rate increases.