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目的分析珠三角某市2001—2015年食源性疾病暴发事件流行病学特征,为制定食源性疾病暴发预防控制策略和措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对珠三角某市2001—2015年食源性疾病暴发事件进行分析。结果共报告食源性疾病暴发事件181起,发病数为4 493例,无死亡病例。食源性疾病暴发事件主要集中在夏秋季(占68.0%,123/181),占发病总数的74.0%(3 327/4 493)。主要场所为集体食堂(占59.1%,107/181)和餐饮单位(占29.8%,54/181),由微生物引起的事件和涉及人数最多,分别占总数的55.8%(101/181)和60.0%(2 696/4 493)。在明确致病因子的事件中,副溶血性弧菌(占29.1%,43/148)、变形杆菌(占14.9%,22/148)、红细胞凝集素和皂甙(占14.2%,21/148)是较常见的致病因子。结论该市食源性疾病防控策略应以降低副溶血性弧菌、变形杆菌、红细胞凝集素和皂甙等致病因子所导致的食源性疾病暴发为主,防控重点场所为集体食堂和餐饮单位。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in a city of Pearl River Delta from 2001 to 2015 and provide evidence for the prevention and control strategies and measures of outbreak of foodborne diseases. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the outbreak of foodborne illness in a city of Pearl River Delta from 2001 to 2015. A total of 181 cases of foodborne disease outbreaks were reported, with a total of 4 493 cases without any deaths. Outbreaks of foodborne diseases were mainly concentrated in summer and autumn (68.0% and 123/181), accounting for 74.0% of the total (3 327/4 493). The main venues were collective canteens (59.1%, 107/181) and catering establishments (29.8%, 54/181), with the largest number of microorganisms and incidents involving 55.8% (101/181) and 60.0 % (2 696/4 493). Vibrio parahaemolyticus (29.1%, 43/148), Proteus (14.9%, 22/148), hemagglutinin and saponin (14.2%, 21/148) Is the more common pathogenic factor. Conclusion The prevention and control strategy of food-borne diseases in this city should be mainly to reduce the outbreak of foodborne diseases caused by pathogenic factors such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Proteus, hemagglutinin and saponin. The key prevention and control places are collective canteens and Catering units.