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为揭示人-车-路相互作用机理及交通各要素对行车安全性的影响规律,预测行车风险的动态变化趋势,建立了人-车-路闭环系统的“行车风险场”统一模型。模型从场论思想出发,提出“行车风险场”新概念,用“行车风险场”表征人-车-路各要素对车辆行驶安全性造成的风险度,其中包含由道路中机动车、非机动车等运动物体决定的“动能场”、道路环境要素决定的“势能场”和驾驶人个体特性决定的“行为场”。最后利用行车风险场模型对1个典型行车环境进行风险场计算,实现了行驶车辆受多种交通要素影响风险大小的判断。研究结果表明:与现有行车风险评估方法相比,“行车风险场”考虑了人-车-路因素对行车安全的综合影响,为复杂环境下行车风险评估和车辆主动控制提供了新的判决依据。
In order to reveal the mechanism of human-vehicle-road interaction and the influence of traffic elements on driving safety, and predict the dynamic change trend of driving risk, a unified model of “driving risk field” for the closed-loop system of people-vehicle-road is established. Based on the thought of field theory, the model proposes a new concept of “driving risk field” and uses “driving risk field” to characterize the risk caused by the elements of people-car-road on the driving safety of vehicles. Motor car, non-motor vehicles and other sports determined by the “kinetic energy field”, the road environment elements of the decision “potential field” and the driver’s individual characteristics of the decision “behavior field.” Finally, the risk field of a typical driving environment is calculated by using the driving risk field model to determine the risk of the driving vehicle affected by multiple transportation elements. The results show that compared with the existing traffic risk assessment methods, “traffic risk field ” considers the comprehensive impact of the “people-vehicle-road” element on traffic safety and provides a new measure for driving risk assessment and vehicle active control in complex environment Judgment basis.