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CO2是作物光合作用重要底物,其浓度升高对作物产量形成具有正向促进作用。本文全面介绍CO2浓度控制及模拟研究方法,具体阐述CO2浓度升高对作物产量和品质的影响,揭示了氮肥和水分条件与CO2肥效的互作关系。本文分析认为,在适宜条件下,CO2浓度升高会提高作物产量,但对作物品质影响以负面为主,仅少数特征指标有正向提高。在大田生产实践中,CO2肥效作用与以往控制气室试验相比,产量提升作用减低。水、肥、土以及作物品种等是限制CO2肥效发挥的重要作用因子。在一定施用范围内,CO2肥效随N肥量增加而提高,但超过限度后,N肥对CO2的增效作用降低,N肥和CO2肥效作用存在最佳互馈机制。CO2肥效作用在低水分土壤环境中发挥程度更高,且CO2浓度升高可提高作物水分利用效率,对于缓解作物干旱胁迫具有积极作用。
CO2 is an important substrate for crop photosynthesis, and its increased concentration has a positive effect on crop yield formation. This paper introduces CO2 concentration control and simulation research methods in detail. It elaborates the effects of CO2 concentration on crop yield and quality, and reveals the interaction between nitrogen and water conditions and CO2 fertilizer efficiency. This paper argues that under appropriate conditions, elevated CO2 will increase crop yield, but the negative impact on crop quality is negative, with only a small number of characteristic indicators increasing positively. In the field production practice, CO2 fertilizer effect compared with the previous control of the gas chamber test, the role of yield reduction. Water, fertilizer, soil and crop varieties are all important factors limiting CO2 fertilizer efficiency. Within a certain application range, the effect of CO2 fertilization increased with the increase of N fertilizer, but beyond the limit, the synergistic effect of N fertilizer on CO2 decreased, and the best interaction mechanism of N fertilizer and CO2 fertilizer existed. The effect of CO2 fertilizer on soil moisture in low-moisture environment is higher, and the increase of CO2 concentration can improve the water use efficiency of crops, which has a positive effect on alleviating the drought stress of crops.