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目的:探讨恶性血液病化学药物治疗后粒细胞缺乏症患者并发医院感染的特点。方法:选择2015年5月-2016年9月来血液科接受治疗并自愿参与实验的38例恶性血液病住院患者,所有患者均因化学药物的应用而出现粒细胞缺乏症与院内感染等不良现象,对其临床资料进行总结与分析,对其相关的危险因素进行探讨。结果:通过分析得知,上呼吸道为其主要的病变位置,所占比例为23.68%(9/38),其次则为肺部感染,所占比例为21.05%(8/38),口腔则紧随其后,所占比例为15.79%(6/38)。急性白血病患者粒细胞缺乏症的发病率最为明显,其比例达到了66.67%(10/15),其次则为多发性骨髓瘤,发病率为42.86%(3/7),慢性白血病的发病率则为16.67%(2/12)。白细胞总数处于0-0.5×109/L患者的住院时间、感染比例以及粒细胞缺乏症的严重情况明显高于其他的患者,数据差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:恶性血液病在化学药物的治疗过程中极易出现粒细胞缺乏症以及感染等不良现象,因此需根据患者的具体情况以及临床表现,为其提供针对性的预防措施以及治疗措施,使其发病率以及死亡率得到降低,对患者的安全进行保证。
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of nosocomial infection in patients with agranulocytosis after chemotherapy of hematologic malignancies. Methods: From March 2015 to September 2016, 38 patients with hematologic malignancies were enrolled in the Department of Hematology and voluntarily participated in the experiment. All the patients were suffering from agranulocytosis and nosocomial infections due to the use of chemical drugs , Summarizes and analyzes its clinical data, and discusses its related risk factors. Results: According to the analysis, the upper respiratory tract was the main lesion location, accounting for 23.68% (9/38), followed by pulmonary infection, accounting for 21.05% (8/38), while the oral cavity was tight Subsequently, the share of 15.79% (6/38). The incidence of agranulocytosis in patients with acute leukemia is the most obvious, with a rate of 66.67% (10/15), followed by multiple myeloma (42.86%, 3/7). The incidence of chronic leukemia 16.67% (2/12). The hospital stay time, infection rate and agranulocytosis in patients with total leukocyte count of 0-0.5 × 109 / L were significantly higher than those in other patients (P <0.05). Conclusion: Hematologic malignancies are prone to agranulocytosis and infections in the course of treatment of chemical drugs. Therefore, according to the specific conditions and clinical manifestations of patients, hematological malignancies should be provided with targeted preventive and therapeutic measures to make them The morbidity and mortality are reduced and the patient’s safety is assured.