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基本社会保障是国家依法建立的为保障公民基本生活权利而提供的社会保障服务。我国基本社会保障服务主要包括:基本医疗保险、基本养老保险、最低生活保障。由于基本社会保障有利于保证公民基本的生存权、有利于维护社会稳定,以及政府具有公共服务职能,政府应承担提供基本社会保障服务的责任。目前,我国地区、城乡基本社会保障服务差距较大,主要源于经济发展不均衡、户籍制度不合理、基本社会保障制度不健全、现有土地制度不完善。这就需要完善基本社会保障资金筹集制度、完善基本社会保障服务的内容与范围、缩小城乡居民的收入差距、打破城乡分割的二元结构、建立适应失地农民的基本社会保障体系。
Basic social security is the social security service provided by the state according to law to guarantee citizens’ basic living rights. China’s basic social security services include: basic medical insurance, basic pension insurance, minimum living allowance. Since basic social security is conducive to guaranteeing citizens basic rights of subsistence, maintaining social stability, and providing the government with public service functions, the government should assume the responsibility of providing basic social security services. At present, the gap between basic social security services in urban areas and rural areas in our country is large, mainly due to the unbalanced economic development, the irrational household registration system, the imperfect basic social security system and the imperfect land system. This requires improving the basic social security fund raising system, improving the content and scope of basic social security services, narrowing the income gap between urban and rural residents, breaking the dual structure between urban and rural areas, and establishing a basic social security system that meets the needs of landless peasants.