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目的 了解离异家庭初中生心理、人格、社交、学习等状况 ,探讨影响他们再适应的主要因素。方法 对 110例研究对象作SCL 90、EPQ、社交回避苦恼量表、学习成绩以及相关因素调查 ,对适应良好和不良组作特质应对、父母养育方式以及精神卫生、离异时间、抚养对象、亲子关系等对照研究。结果 SCL 90大多数因子分显著高于常模 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ) ,有自杀观念占 2 3% ,人格问卷中P、N、E ,一个或多个因子高于常模占 5 6 % ,社交困难占 40 % ,成绩显著低于平均分 (P <0 .0 5 )。适应不良组的消极应对分、父母严厉惩罚、拒绝否认、干涉过度、母亲偏爱分显著高于适应良好组 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ) ,成绩以及与非监护人关系差 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,监护人心理卫生问题多 (P <0 .0 5 )。而离异时间、抚养对象、人口学指标等无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,男生个性问题发生率高 ,成绩差 ,较女生适应困难。结论 研究对象不良心理、社会交往及学习困难发生率高 ,影响他们再适应的主要因素有 :应对方式、父母养育方式和监护人心理状况以及能否获得非监护人的关爱
Objective To understand the psychological, personality, social and academic status of junior high school students in divorced families and to explore the main factors affecting their adaptation. Methods A total of 110 subjects were investigated for SCL 90, EPQ, anxiety scale of social avoidance, academic achievement and related factors. The responses of well-behaved and non-responsive groups, parental rearing patterns, mental health, departure time, dependents, parent-child relationship Control studies. Results Most of the SCL 90 scores were significantly higher than those of the norm (P <0.01, P <0.05), 23% of them had suicidal ideation, P, N, E, one or more factors Higher than the norm of 56%, social difficulties accounted for 40%, significantly lower than the average score (P <0.05). Negative coping scores of poor coping groups, severely punished parents, non-repudiation, over-intervention, and mother’s preference scores were significantly higher than those of well-adapted groups (P <0.01, P <0.05), scores and poor relationships with non-guardians (P <0. 05), the guardian of mental health problems (P <0. 05). The divorced time, dependents, demographic indicators no significant difference (P> 0.05), boys high incidence of personality problems, poor grades, girls adapt more difficult. Conclusions The main factors that adversely affect psychology, social intercourse and learning difficulties are the coping styles, parental rearing patterns and psychological status of guardians, and whether or not they can get care of non-guardians