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新中国成立之初,国家对资本主义工商业采取了利用、限制、改造的政策,执行这个政策的主要业务部门是商业部门,主要措施是对多数工业品实行加工订货、统购包销。这个过渡政策在当时具有积极意义,使许多原来不能开工的工厂得以开工和获利。随着1956年私营工商业改造的全面完成,生产关系发生了根本性的变化,国营商业对私营工业经济领导关系随之消失,原有的加工订货形式已不相适应。因此,中央在1956年提出了关于工商关系问题的各项办法,解决新形势下工商之间的矛盾。上海作为全国的工商业中心,针对不同商品门类的特殊性试点推行工商关系调整办法,提出了实践操作中的意见和建议。这次工商关系调整,对经济结构的完善具有全局性意义。
At the beginning of the founding of New China, the state adopted a policy of utilizing, restricting and reforming capitalist industry and commerce. The main business unit that implements this policy is the commercial sector. The main measure is to process and order the majority of industrial products and purchase underwriting. This transitional policy was positive at the time, enabling many of the original factories that could not be started to operate and to profit. With the complete completion of private industrial and commercial transformation in 1956, fundamental changes have taken place in the relations of production. As a result, the state-owned commercial relations with the privately-run industrial economy have disappeared, and the original form of processing orders has become incompatible. Therefore, the Central Committee put forward various measures concerning the industrial and commercial relations in 1956 and resolved the contradictions between the industrial and commercial enterprises in the new situation. Shanghai, as a national industrial and commercial center, conducted measures to adjust the industrial and commercial relations according to the particularity of different commodity categories and put forward suggestions and suggestions in practical operation. The readjustment of the industrial and commercial relations has overall significance for the improvement of the economic structure.