一、引言电离辐射在工业社会各领域中的应用促进了辐射防护理论及方法学的迅速发展,其中有一项重要的工作便是发展和采用一些能指示人员遭受了超剂量照射的技术。由于个体辐射敏感性的范围很宽,因此,除了物理剂量技术外,生物学指标也是非常必要的。它可用以证实某一个体是否受到了照射,如果是受到了照射,那么,是全身照射还是局部照射。同时,还需要它判断该个体对辐射反应的严重程度,即反映受照者的个体反应性。最后,它还可帮助追踪包括恢复在内的辐射引起的全过程。在下列场 I. INTRODUCTION The application of ionizing radiation in various fields of industrial society has contributed to the rapid development of radiation protection theories and methodologies. One of the important tasks is to develop and adopt techniques that instruct personnel to suffer from overdoses. Due to the wide range of individual radiosensitivities, biological indicators are necessary in addition to physical dose techniques. It can be used to confirm whether an individual has been irradiated, if it has been irradiated, then, whether it is a full or partial exposure. At the same time, it is also necessary for it to judge the individual’s response to radiation, which reflects the individual’s reactivity. Finally, it can help track the whole process caused by radiation, including recovery. In the following field