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南美最古老和最新的地质环境都对黄金有利。近代浅成低温热液黄金矿床赋存于安第斯山脉全长,有些区域以黄金占优势,另一些则以银占优势。该洲大陆的其余部分则主要是大范围产出含金绿岩的寒武纪地盾。南美是所有大陆中历史最悠久的金的重要产地。在18世纪,巴西于1750年就以年产金16t和累计产金1000t首次冲击世界,以后至1912年哥伦比亚黄金增产之前金生产一直处于衰落之中。
The oldest and newest geological environment in South America is good for gold. Modern epithermal gold deposits occur throughout the Andes, with some areas dominated by gold while others dominated by silver. The rest of the continent is dominated by the Cambrian shield that produces a wide range of gold-bearing greenstone. South America is an important place of origin of the oldest gold in all continents. In the 18th century, Brazil first hit the world in 1750 with an annual gold output of 16 tons and a cumulative gold output of 1,000 tons. From then on until 1912, gold production in Colombia was in decline.