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降低焦比是降低铁水生产成本的最有效方法。按测算,高炉最低焦比可降至180~200kg/t。要达到这样的焦比,可以采用两种方法:在喷氧量为210~280kg/t情况下,喷煤量应达到300~400kg/t;喷吹脱CO2后经预热的高炉煤气和纯氧。钢铁联合企业煤气平衡的波动和高喷煤比时高炉回旋区的气化问题是这两种技术的主要制约因素。高炉喷吹煤的气化产物可以有效解决上述问题。该技术与传统喷煤工艺相比,能够提高喷吹比、降低焦比;可使用低级煤;不用把煤磨成细粉;在煤气化过程中可以进行脱硫处理;煤灰可以在该过程中去除掉。开发了一种安装在高炉风口处的煤的特殊气化装置,在乌克兰扎波罗热(Zaporozgstal)钢铁公司的高炉上进行了工业试验,计划喷吹305kg/t煤的气化物和105kg/t的氧气,预计可以将焦比从565kg/t降至305kg/t(如果炉料组成较好,焦比可进一步降至180~200kg/t),高炉利用系数提高50%,铁水生产成本降低10%,向大气放散的气体量将随焦比的下降而成比例地减少。该技术投资比传统喷煤系统低得多,投资回收期在一年以内。
Reduce the coke ratio is to reduce the cost of hot metal production the most effective way. According to estimates, the lowest coke blast ratio can be reduced to 180 ~ 200kg / t. To achieve such coke ratio, two methods can be used: in the case of 210 ~ 280kg / t oxygen injection, the amount of coal injected should reach 300 ~ 400kg / t; oxygen. Volatility in the gas balance of the steel complex and the gasification of the blast area in the blast furnace are the main constraints of both technologies. Gasification products of blast furnace PCI can effectively solve the above problems. Compared with the traditional coal injection technology, this technology can improve the injection ratio and reduce the coke ratio. Low coal can be used. No coal can be ground into fine powder. Desulfurization can be carried out during coal gasification. Coal ash can be used in the process Remove it. A special gasification plant for coal installed at the tuyere of the blast furnace has been developed for industrial tests on blast furnaces of the Zaporozgstal Steel Company in Ukraine. It is planned to inject 305 kg / t of coal gasification products and 105 kg / t of coal Of the oxygen is expected to be able to coke ratio from 565kg / t down to 305kg / t (if the charge composition is better, the coke ratio can be further reduced to 180 ~ 200kg / t), blast furnace utilization factor increased by 50%, the cost of hot metal production decreased by 10% , The amount of gas released to the atmosphere will decrease in proportion to the decrease of the coke ratio. The technology investment is much lower than the traditional coal injection system, the payback period is within one year.