直到最近,多数癌遗传学家仍注重于原癌基因的激活,至今已鉴定出来的癌基因可以列成很长的名单。研究正常制约癌生长的基因却是较新的领域。这些基因曾名之为“抑瘤基因”、“抗癌基因”或“逆转基因”,其含义不完全相同。已有一些文章综述了抑瘤基因的发现和特性。本文把重点放在认识肿瘤形成的新进展和其含义上。 Until recently, most cancer geneticists still focused on the activation of proto-oncogenes, and the oncogenes identified so far can be listed on a long list. Studying genes that normally restrict cancer growth is a relatively new area. These genes have been called “inhibitory genes”, “anti-oncogenes” or “reversion genes” and their meanings are not exactly the same. Several articles have reviewed the discovery and characteristics of tumor suppressor genes. This article focuses on understanding the new progress of tumor formation and its implications.