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目的了解海口市2006~2013年围产儿出生缺陷监测的情况,分析海口市出生缺陷的高危及高发因素,探索其影响因素,以减少海口市出生缺陷的发生率。方法以描述性流行病学方法对海口市2006~2013年在监测医院内出生的1 411例有出生缺陷的围产儿进行统计分析。结果海口市2006~2013年围产儿118 199例,出生缺陷儿1 411例,出生缺陷总发生率为119.37/万;出生缺陷种类顺位前6位是:先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、唇裂合并腭裂、先天性脑积水、马蹄内翻足、肢体短缩;孕母年龄<25岁或>35岁的出生缺陷发生率明显高于其它各年龄组,乡村发生率高于城镇,男性发生率高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对海口市出生缺陷监测情况,应将工作重点放在农村,主要进行婚前医学检查、优生咨询、加强孕期保健,全面实施出生缺陷的三级预防,减少缺陷儿的出生。
Objective To understand the monitoring of birth defects in perinatal infants from 2006 to 2013 in Haikou, analyze the high risk and high risk factors of birth defects in Haikou, and explore the influencing factors to reduce the incidence of birth defects in Haikou. Methods A total of 1 411 perinatal infants with birth defects in hospitals in Haikou from 2006 to 2013 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results There were 118,199 cases of perinatal children and 1,111 cases of birth defects in Haikou from 2006 to 2013. The total incidence of birth defects was 119.37 per million. The top 6 birth defects were congenital heart disease, Cleft lip with cleft palate, congenital hydrocephalus, clubfoot, limb shortening; the incidence of birth defects of pregnant women <25 years old or> 35 years old was significantly higher than other age groups, the incidence of rural areas than urban, The incidence of males was higher than that of females, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Aiming at the monitoring of birth defects in Haikou City, the work should be focused on rural areas. Pre-marital medical examination and consultation on eugenics should be conducted to strengthen the health care during pregnancy and implement tertiary prevention of birth defects in an all-round way so as to reduce the birth of defective children.