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预测合金的相变温度,是在合金设计过程中需要考虑的一个重要因素。因为,适当的相变温度范围对制定合金热处理工艺能提供很大的方便。比如,一般结构钢和工具钢,其马氏体转变的温度区间最好在室温以上,过低的转变温度会导致淬火后的钢中出现大量残余奥氏体,影响零件的使用性能。另外,合金相变温度范围的变化会直接影响它的组织和亚结构状态。例如在马氏体相变过程中,是形成孪晶型马氏体或位错型马氏体,马氏体点的高低起着很大的作用。不同类型的马氏体在力学性能和物理性质上是有差别的。本文所建立的合金元素对相变温度的影响规律对马氏体时效合金的设计提供一个方面的预测根据。
Predicting the phase transition temperature of an alloy is an important factor that needs to be considered in the design of the alloy. Because, the appropriate phase transition temperature range for the development of alloy heat treatment process can provide a great convenience. For example, the general structural steel and tool steel, the martensite transformation temperature range is preferably above room temperature, too low a transition temperature will lead to a large number of quenched steel after a large amount of retained austenite, affecting the performance of parts. In addition, changes in the alloy’s transformation temperature range directly affect its organization and substructure. For example, in the martensitic transformation process, the formation of twin-type martensite or dislocation-type martensite, martensitic point plays a significant role in the level. Different types of martensite in the mechanical properties and physical properties are different. The influence law of alloying elements established on the phase transition temperature in this paper provides a prediction basis for the design of the martensite-aged alloy.