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目的了解四川省农村居民对狂犬病知识的知晓情况、态度、行为,为今后全省的狂犬病健康教育提供科学依据。方法选择4个项目点,采取面对面方式开展问卷调查。结果四川省农村地区居民狂犬病相关知识的知晓率为10.3%~93.7%,狂犬病知识综合知晓得分的均数±标准差为(14.06±6.37)分。狂犬病忧虑得分的均数±标准差为(9.53±1.78)分。农村居民接触犬只后的洗手率为31.7%,洗手行为可能与职业、狂犬病综合知识得分等因素有关。农村居民暴露后伤口处理率为81.4%,选择立即处理伤口的人构成比为76.8%,暴露后吮吸伤口的发生率为9.5%,手上有伤口也让犬舔舐的发生率为9.4%。结论有关狂犬病的健康教育应进一步加强,同时应针对不同人群开展健康教育。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of rural residents in rabies in Sichuan province and to provide a scientific basis for the future health education of rabies in the province. Methods Four project points were selected and face-to-face questionnaires were conducted. Results The awareness rate of rabies-related knowledge among rural residents in Sichuan Province was 10.3% ~ 93.7%, and the mean ± standard deviation of rabies knowledge comprehensive knowledge score was 14.06 ± 6.37. The mean ± standard deviation of rabies anxiety scores was (9.53 ± 1.78) points. The rate of hand-washing among rural residents after being exposed to dogs was 31.7%. The behavior of hand-washing may be related to factors such as occupation and comprehensive knowledge of rabies. The treatment rate of rural residents after exposure was 81.4%, that of those who chose to deal immediately with wounds was 76.8%, that of post-exposure suck wounds was 9.5%, and that of hands with wounds also caused the incidence of licking of dogs was 9.4%. Conclusions Health education on rabies should be further strengthened and health education should be given to different groups of people.