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清末民国时期,随着口岸城镇、交通城镇、工矿城镇以及转型中的老城镇大量涌现,使得中国北方的城镇格局,发生了由“都城—治所”为核心向“口岸—市镇”为核心的转变,发生了由政治主导型向经济主导型城镇格局的转变。到1930年代,北方经济主导型的城镇格局,已经初步形成。从外向型经济的视角来看,它整体上主要由天津、青岛、大连、哈尔滨(实为海参崴)四个国内终点市场城市,也就是本文所说的四大中心城市所统领,分别形成了四个大的区域性城镇市场网络。这对于近代北方的经济地理格局以及北南双方在全国的经济地位等方面,都产生了深远的影响。
During the period of Late Qing and Republican China, with the massive emergence of port towns, traffic towns, industrial and mining towns and the transformation of old towns, the pattern of towns in northern China occurred from “capital city” to “port city” "As the core of the change, there has been a change from a political dominant type to an economic dominant type of urban pattern. By the 1930s, the dominant pattern of urban economy in the north had already taken shape. From the perspective of an outward-oriented economy, it is mainly dominated by four domestic terminal market cities: Tianjin, Qingdao, Dalian and Harbin (actually Vladivostok), namely the four major central cities mentioned in this article, forming four A large regional town market network. This has had far-reaching effects on the economic and geographical pattern of the north and the economic status of both north and south in the country.