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逆向歧视(reverse discrimination)一词最早适用于美国平权运动中,由于政府在教育和就业中对少数民族实行配额制,致使白人处于歧视地位。在印度,弱势族群权益也会由于种姓制度、宗教信仰、性别等原因而优先得到保障,使得传统的优势群体受到歧视。在中国,这一问题主要体现在少数民族高校教育、计划生育政策、就业配额等方面。在教师队伍当中,也存在着对乡村教师过于保护而引起逆向歧视的现象。
The term reverse discrimination was first applied to the American Equalization Campaign, which caused whites to discriminate because of the government’s quota system for ethnic minorities in education and employment. In India, the rights and interests of disadvantaged groups are also preferentially guaranteed due to caste system, religious belief and gender, thus discriminating the traditional dominant groups. In China, this issue is mainly reflected in the education of ethnic minorities in colleges and universities, family planning policies and employment quotas. Among teachers, there is also a phenomenon of over-protection caused by rural teachers and causing adverse discrimination.