作者以葡萄糖醛酸内酯和对硝基酚为原料经过五步反应制得对硝基苯基─β─Ｄ─葡萄糖醛酸苷钠盐（ＰＮＰ－ＧＵＡ）。用比色法测定─β─Ｄ─葡萄糖醛酸酶（ＧＵＡ酶）活性，从而快速定量标本中的大肠杆菌。当底物浓度为１ｇ／Ｌ，反应时间１ｈ，溶液ｐＨ为７时，其最低检出限可达５０ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ。产生Ｖｅｒｏ细胞毒素的肠出血性大肠杆菌（ＥＨＥＣ）对此酶为阴性。本法敏感、特异、省时，不仅对快速坚定和定量大肠杆菌有实用价值，而且为快速检出ＥＨＥＣ提供了新的手段。 The p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucuronide sodium salt (PNP-GUA) was prepared from glucuronolactone and p-nitrophenol by five steps. The β-D-glucuronidase (GUA enzyme) activity was determined by colorimetric assay to rapidly quantify E. coli in the sample. When the substrate concentration of 1g / L, the reaction time of 1h, the solution pH of 7, the minimum detection limit of up to 50CFU / ml. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) producing Vero cytotoxin is negative for this enzyme. This method is sensitive, specific and time-saving, which not only has practical value for fast and stable Escherichia coli, but also provides a new method for rapid detection of EHEC.