目的 探讨先天性上斜肌麻痹手术治疗后远期的转归.方法 回顾性观察27例先天性上斜肌麻痹(con-genital superior oblique palsy,CSOP)病例,对其手术治疗前及治疗后1周、1月、6月和10年的斜视角、下斜肌功能、代偿头位的变化进行统计分析.结果 27例CSOP病例术后1周斜视角、下斜肌功能、代偿头位改善和消失的比率分别为6.77△±3.12△,+1.00±0.49,77.87%,与术后1月、6月有明显差异,与术后10年时无统计学差异.结论 CSOP手术后6个月内斜视角、下斜肌功能和代偿头位有明显改变,此后保持稳定达10年无明显变化.“,”Objective Discussion long term outcomes of congenital superior oblique palsy ( CSOP) after surgery. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of 27 patients with CSOP. The vertical deviation, inferior oblique overaction and abnormal head posture pre-operation and 1 week, 1 month, 6 month, 10 year post-operation were compared. Result There were significant differences in vertical deviation, inferior oblique and abnormal head posture among 1 week, 1 month and 6 month post-operation in 27 CSOP cases, but no statistical difference of ver-tical deviation, inferior oblique and abnormal head posture compared with those of 10 year post-operation. Conclu-sions The vertical deviation, inferior oblique overaction and abnormal head posture of CSOP changed significantly within 6 month post-operation, since then remained stable for 10 years without significant change.