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受湿地景观破碎化的影响,孤立沼泽成为三江平原沼泽湿地的主要类型之一。以三江平原抚远县大豆田中孤立沼泽为研究对象,观测孤立沼泽及其周边农田的0 cm地温、5 cm土温、10 cm土温、1.5 m气温和1.5 m相对湿度,观测从2012年8月31日10︰00开始,至9月1日8︰00结束,每2小时观测一次,对比分析夏末晴天孤立沼泽与农田温湿度的差异,探讨孤立沼泽的局地小气候效应。研究结果表明,孤立沼泽的日平均0 cm地温、5 cm土温、10 cm土温和1.5 m相对湿度都低于周边农田,而日平均1.5 m气温高于周边农田;除0 cm地温外,孤立沼泽5 cm土温、10 cm土温、1.5 m气温和1.5 m相对湿度的日较差都低于周边农田;各气象要素的日变化曲线为单峰曲线,但极值出现的时间不同,孤立湿地5 cm土温和10 cm土温的极值出现时间比周边农田晚2~4 h,孤立湿地0 cm地温、1.5 m气温和1.5 m相对湿度的极值出现时间与周边农田相同,0 cm地温最高值和最低值分别出现在12︰00和2︰00,1.5 m最高和最低气温分别出现在14︰00和2︰00,1.5 m最高和最低相对湿度分别出现在18︰00和14︰00。
Affected by the fragmentation of wetland landscape, isolated swamps become one of the major types of marsh wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain. Taking isolated swamp in soybean field of Fuyuan County in Sanjiang Plain as study object, 0 cm ground temperature, 5 cm soil temperature, 10 cm soil temperature, 1.5 m air temperature and 1.5 m relative humidity of isolated marsh and its surrounding farmland were observed. On the 31st of the 10th, the beginning of 10: 00, the end of September 1, 8: 00, every 2 hours of observation, comparative analysis of summer and sunny isolated wetlands and farmland temperature and humidity differences to discuss the isolation of the swamp of the local microclimate effect. The results showed that the daily mean 0 cm temperature, 5 cm soil temperature, 10 cm soil temperature and 1.5 m relative humidity of isolated swamps were lower than those of the surrounding farmland, while the daily average temperature of 1.5 m was higher than that of the surrounding farmland; except 0 cm ground temperature, The diurnal variation of 5 cm soil temperature, 10 cm soil temperature, 1.5 m air temperature and 1.5 m relative humidity were lower than those in the surrounding farmland. The diurnal variation curves of all weather elements were single peak curve, The extrema of 5 cm soil temperature and 10 cm soil temperature in wetlands occurred 2 ~ 4 h later than the surrounding farmland, 0 cm ground temperature in isolated wetlands, 1.5 m and 1.5 m relative humidity, The highest and lowest values appear at 12: 00 and 2: 00, 1.5 m respectively. The highest and lowest temperatures appear at 14: 00 and 2: 00, 1.5 m respectively. The highest and lowest relative humidity appear at 18:00 and 14:00, respectively .