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传统设计属于近期以来世界知识产权组织正在研究讨论予以知识产权保护的传统文化资源的范畴,具有重要的商业和文化价值。我国少数民族具有丰富的传统设计。在现行知识产权制度框架下,我国少数民族传统设计的知识产权保护,主要有两大制度路径:一是外观设计专利制度,二是实用艺术作品著作权制度。外观设计专利制度可以为我国少数民族传统设计提供消极保护,防止他人盗用或者不正当利用传统设计;现行实用艺术作品著作权制度很难为我国少数民族传统设计提供保护。现行外观设计专利制度和实用艺术作品著作权制度应当进行适当创新,从而对我国少数民族传统设计提供更好的保护。最佳立法模式是,吸取专利法、外观设计准专利法和著作权法的制度营养,结合我国少数民族传统设计的特点,制定传统设计特别权利保护法。
Traditional Design Belongs to the recent acquisition of traditional cultural resources by WIPO by the World Intellectual Property Organization for intellectual property protection, with important commercial and cultural values. Our ethnic minorities have rich traditional design. Under the current system of intellectual property, the protection of intellectual property in the traditional design of ethnic minorities in our country mainly consists of two major system paths: the first one is the design patent system and the second one is the copyright system of practical works of art. The design patent system can provide negative protection for the traditional design of ethnic minorities in our country and prevent others from misappropriating or improperly using the traditional design. The current copyright system for practical works of art is hard to provide protection for the traditional design of ethnic minorities in China. The current design patent system and the copyright system of practical works of art should be properly innovated to provide better protection for the traditional design of ethnic minorities in our country. The best legislative model is to draw on the system of patent law, design patent law and copyright law system nutrition, combined with the characteristics of the traditional design of ethnic minorities in China, the development of traditional design special rights protection law.