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黄土高原千沟万壑的地表形态,是长期遭受严重侵蚀而造成的。在土壤侵蚀中,重力侵蚀与水力侵蚀是两个主要的而且又是相互影响的侵蚀类型。黄土高原的构造抬升,使流水下切作用增强,沟道发展迅速。由于黄土的湿陷性和垂直节理发育,沟头和沟道两侧不可避免地广泛存在着陡壁和悬崖。在重力作用下,临空土体大量崩塌和滑落,致使沟谷拓宽,沟头前进。同时,该区特殊的地层结构和水文学性质,使得滑坡发生普遍。在黄土高原土壤侵蚀研究中,重力侵蚀历
The surface morphology of the gully of the Loess Plateau is caused by long-term severe erosion. In soil erosion, gravity erosion and water erosion are the two main and mutually influencing types of erosion. The tectonic uplift of the Loess Plateau enhances the action of undercutting and the channel develops rapidly. Due to the collapsibility of loess and the development of vertical joints, there are inevitably widespread steep walls and cliffs on both sides of the ditch head and channel. Under the action of gravity, a large number of landslides and landslides have caused the valleys to widen and ditch forward. At the same time, the special stratigraphic structure and hydrological characteristics of this area make the landslide occur universally. In the study of soil erosion in the Loess Plateau, gravity erosion history