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本示差折光计的设计是基于光线在两液体界面间折射的原理.准直的单色光线经过浸在溶剂中的溶液稜镜时产生的偏折,经长焦距成像镜放大隙缝光源的像移,用读数显微镜观察.成像镜前面有两个双隙缝使在成像处产生干涉条纹来减小像的宽度,使像移可更精确的测定.仪器经用标准溶液校正,灵敏度可达Δn=2.5×10~(-6).并着重讨论了恒温、折射池设计和标准液挑选对测定的影响. 利用这架示差折光计在使用单色光λ436和546mμ时,测定了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯等七个高分子溶液和有机化合物溶液的(dn)/(dc).
The design of this differential refractometer is based on the principle that light is refracted between two liquid interfaces. The collimated monochromatic light is deflected by the solution prism immersed in the solvent, and the image of the slit slit light source is enlarged by the long focal length imaging mirror , Observed with a reading microscope .There are two double slots in front of the imaging mirror to produce interference fringes in the imaging area to reduce the width of the image, so that the image shift can be more accurately measured.The instrument calibration with standard solution, the sensitivity of up to n = 2.5 × 10 ~ (-6) .This paper focuses on the influence of the constant temperature, the design of the refracting cell and the selection of the standard solution on the determination.Using this differential refractometer, when monochromatic light λ436 and 546mμ are used, the influence of polymethylmethacrylate (Dn) / (dc) of seven polymer solutions and organic compound solutions.