本文总结分析了１９９４～１９９６年在厦门同安县１５个农村实施高危儿管理的监测情况。结果１９９６年监测点婴儿死亡率为１２．１７‰，５岁以下儿童死亡率为１７．０３‰。较开展高危儿管理前的１９９３年婴儿死亡率下降了６１．９０％，５岁以下儿童死亡率下降了５８．８１％。主要是肺炎、腹泻、早产引起的死亡明显下降。指出高危儿管理的关键是农村医生的培训、建立完善逐级转诊制度和发挥乡卫生院的枢纽作用及县市级医疗保健机构的业务指导作用。 This article summarizes and analyzes the monitoring of the implementation of high-risk infant management in 15 rural areas in Tong’an County, Xiamen, 1994-1996. Results The infant mortality rate at the monitoring point in 1996 was 12.17 ‰, and the death rate of children under 5 years old was 17.03 ‰. The infant mortality rate dropped by 61.90% in 1993 compared with that before high-risk infant management and that of children under 5 years of age dropped by 58.81%. Mainly pneumonia, diarrhea, premature death caused a significant decline. Pointed out that the key to the management of high-risk children is the training of rural doctors, establish and improve the gradual referral system and play a pivotal role Township hospitals and county-level health care institutions operational guidance.