在中国革命的历史上,王明的“左”倾错误路线造成了极为严重的损失,这一错误路线发展的顶点,则是在红军第五次反“围剿”时期,后来,毛泽东将此归纳为三句话:进攻时的冒险主义,防御时的保守主义,退却时的逃跑主义。这样概括是很精确的,但若简单地将这三条都当成“左”倾错误的表现,那就不行了。“左”与右虽然表现形式不同,却有着一个本质上的相同点:思想认识脱离实际。人们的思想认识若未能从实际出发,就会表现行动上的忽“左”忽右,甚 In the history of the Chinese revolution, Wang Ming’s “leftist” misguided line caused extremely serious losses. The culmination of this erroneous line was the fifth time the Red Army countered the “encirclement and suppression” period. Later, Mao Zedong summed it up. There are three sentences: adventurism on offense, conservatism on defensiveness, and escapementism on retreat. This kind of generalization is very accurate, but if these three are simply treated as “left” wrong performances, it will not work. Although the “left” and the “right” have different forms of expression, they have an essential similarity: ideological understanding is divorced from reality. If people’s ideological understanding fails to proceed from reality, they will show a “leftist”, rightist,