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介绍了太阳能光-热-电化学耦合法(solar thermal electrochemical production,简称STEP)合成含能分子的理论、实现方式及应用。简述了STEP过程以太阳能为能源,协同、耦合调控太阳能光-热-电利用效率和分子光-热-电化学反应特性,高效、定向地将太阳能向含能分子转化与储存。指出STEP技术太阳能制氢反应中采用熔融氢氧化物为电解质、无碳排放的炼铁反应中采用含铁的熔融碳酸盐为电解质、制氯气和镁以熔融氯化物为电解质、碳捕获和无碳制水泥反应中采用熔融碳酸盐为电解质等化学方面的突破和利用前景。STEP过程为实现温室气体的减排和二氧化碳的综合利用提供了一种可供选择的途径。
The theory, method and application of solar thermal electrochemical production (STEP) synthesis of energetic molecules are introduced. The process of STEP is briefly described. Solar energy is used as the energy source to coordinate and couple the solar energy - thermal - electricity utilization efficiency and molecular light - thermal - electrochemical reaction characteristics. The solar energy is converted into energy molecules efficiently and directionally. It is pointed out that the STEP technology uses molten hydroxide as electrolyte in the hydrogen production of solar energy and the carbon-free molten iron carbonate is used as the electrolyte in the iron-making reaction without carbon emission. Chlorine and magnesium are used as the electrolyte in the molten chloride, Carbonaceous cement reaction using molten carbonate as electrolyte and other chemical breakthroughs and utilization prospects. The STEP process provides an alternative route to achieve the reduction of greenhouse gases and the comprehensive utilization of carbon dioxide.