引言任何文化的转型本质上都是人思维方式转型的结果。欧美文学的变化和发展在本质上也是思维方式的转型。欧美文学共分七个时期,即古希腊古罗马文学、中世纪文学、文艺复兴时期人文主义文学、17世纪文学、18世纪文学、19世纪文学和20世纪文学。思维方式在其领域内的变更经历了两个主要的时期:从古代文学到20世纪上半叶,这段漫长的历史时期可以被称为“主客观决定论”时期。其有两个阶段,第 Introduction Any transformation of culture is essentially the result of the transformation of the way of thinking. The change and development of European and American literature are essentially the transformation of the way of thinking. European and American literature is divided into seven periods, ancient Greek and Roman literature, medieval literature, Renaissance humanism literature, 17th century literature, 18th century literature, 19th century literature and 20th century literature. The change of mode of thinking in its field has gone through two major periods: from ancient literature to the first half of the 20th century, this long historical period can be called the “subjective and objective determinism.” It has two stages, the first