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目的 :探讨石化生产车间噪声的种类和强度及其对作业工人位听功能的影响。方法 :用精密积分声级计记录北京燕山石油化工有限公司 4个生产车间噪声强度及频率分布 ,按常规对 117例作业工人行纯音测听 ,其中 5 1例还做了听性脑干反应 (ABR)及前庭功能测试。结果 :生产车间噪声为宽频稳态噪声 ,声强 85 .7～ 10 4.0d B(A) ,频率范围起伏以 1～ 8k Hz为主 ;工人中 5 9.0 % (6 9/ 117)出现听力损失 ,听力以高频损失为主 ,语言频率以轻度损失为主 ;工龄在 10年以上较 5年以下者听力受损明显增加 ;A BR各波潜伏期及波间期与对照组无明显差异。在听力受损者中 ,有 17.4%前庭功能冷热试验双侧不对称比值 (CP)超过正常范围。结论 :石化生产车间噪声为宽频稳态噪声 ;长期接触生产噪声可导致一定程度的听力损失 ,听力损失程度和前庭功能异常之间无明显相关性。
Objective: To investigate the type and intensity of noise in petrochemical production workshop and its influence on the listening function of workers. Methods: The noise intensity and frequency distribution of Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd. were recorded by the precision integral sound level meter. According to the routine, 117 workers were tested for pure tone audiometry, of which 51 patients also had auditory brainstem response ABR) and vestibular function test. Results: The noise of the workshop was broadband steady-state noises, the sound intensity was 85.7-10.0 4.0 B (A), the fluctuation of the frequency range was mainly 1 ~ 8k Hz, and hearing loss was found in 59.0% (69/177) of the workers , Hearing loss was dominated by high frequency, and language frequency was mainly mild loss; hearing loss was significantly longer in those with working years of more than 10 years and less than 5 years. There was no significant difference between A BR and other groups in latency and wave interval. Among the hearing impaired, 17.4% of the vestibular function test showed that the bilateral asymmetry ratio (CP) exceeded the normal range. Conclusion: The noise in the workshop of petrochemical production is wideband steady-state noise. Long-term exposure to production noise can lead to some degree of hearing loss. There is no obvious correlation between hearing loss and abnormal vestibular function.